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Introduction: E-learning has a great role in patient education. This study aimed at comparison of the effect of electronic education and pamphlet on the knowledge of women about their post partum hygiene. Method: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in Shahid Behshti hospital, Isfahan, Iran in 2013. A total of 72 primipara women were enrolled in the study. They were randomly divided into two intervention and control groups. Intervention group received education using electronic and booklet package for 2 weeks. A questionnaire was completed by both groups before and 2 weeks after the test. Collected data was entered into SPSS v.11.5. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test, paired t-test, and chi-square were used for analysis of data. The significant level was considered less than 0.05. Results: Before intervention findings did not show any significant difference between knowledge scores in intervention and control groups, while a statistically significant difference was observed 2 weeks after the intervention (P=.013). Paired t test showed a statistically significant difference in knowledge scores of both groups after the intervention (P=.021, P=.014). Conclusion: Electronic and pamphlet educational packages can increase the level of knowledge in postpartum women hence, the importance of using this teaching materials.

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Introduction: Depression is the most common psychological problems in hemodialysis patients that may lead to decreased quality of life and increased mortality rate. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of foot reflexology on depression in patients undergoing hemodialysis.  

Methods: This clinical trial conducted on 78 patients who were admitted in hemodialysis wards in Imam Ali hospital and Iran Mehr Clinic of Bojnord City. Probability convenient sampling technique was used to select the sample. The patients randomly assigned to three groups including: experimental, control and placebo groups. Beck Depression questionnaire was used to measure the level of depression before and after the intervention. Foot reflexology was done in the experimental group, a simple foot massage without pushing standard reflexology points in placebo group, and the routine care in control group was conducted. Data analysis was done using SPSS 16 and ANOVA.

Results. Mean depression score for patients in the experimental group, placebo group and control group were: p < 0.001, p= 0.016, and p= 0.042, respectively. The depression was increased in the intervention and placebo group and had a reduction in the control group

Conclusion: Reflexology is an effective medical intervention in reducing depression in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

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Introduction: Oral health is an essential component of overall health for all adolescences. The improvement of requires proper training methods to improve knowledge, attitudes and practices in relation to its population. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of two methods (by the electronic education method and by dental training models) in improving adolescences’ knowledge, attitude, practice of dental hygiene, and decrease dental plaque and gingival index.
Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental performed on 120 primary school students in Tehran. The subjects were randomly selected and were divided into two equal groups (each group n=60). The knowledge, attitude, practice and dental plaque and gingival index of the student were measured by self-report questionnaires and examination by pre-test and post-test method. The data was analyzed by using of the software SPSS version 21 and the statistical tests Phishers exact, Chi-square and Wilcaxone.
Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in knowledge, attitude and practice before the intervention (P> 0.05). In the electronic education and dental training models groups, the knowledge, attitude, and the practice were improved after the both intervention, however the electronic education approach had a more effect on improving the knowledge, attitude, practice of oral health and decreasing dental plaque and gingival index (P<0.001).
Conclusion: This study showed that not only the training is effective in promoting oral health behavior, but also the type of training has an important role in promoting it. Thus the electronic education at all stages of educational methods were more effective than dental training models. Therefore, electronic dental training to promote oral health is recommended as an effective method.
 

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Introduction: Considering the psychological effects of cancer, the use of psychological treatments is very important in reducing the psychological effects of breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of compassion on quality of life and happiness among women with breast cancer in Ahwaz.
Method: The research design was a post-test pre-test. The statistical population of the study included all women with breast cancer in the year 95-96 referring to health centers in Ahwaz, among whom 24 were selected by available sampling method. Twenty-four of them were randomly assigned, 12 in the experimental group and 12 in the control group. Compassion-based therapy was conducted in a group of 12 sessions in two experimental groups. The control group was placed on the waiting list and received no intervention. The instrument used in this study was Quality of Life Questionnaire, Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, which answered at the last intervention session again. To analyze the results, descriptive statistics and covariance analysis were used with 0.01 alpha.
Results: The results of this study indicate that there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups regarding Quality of Life with average of 79.83± 20.88 & 45.58 ± 10.53and Happiness with average of 92.33± 16.34 &53.08±  14.57(P <0.001). Also, Quality of Life and Happiness levels in the experimental group were significantly (P <0.001) upper than the control group at the post-test stage.
Conclusion: Compassion-based therapy has been able to increase the quality of life and happiness of women with breast cancer. It is possible to attribute the reasons for this effect to emphasize this treatment on the components of compassion and kindness, and on the other hand, the exceptional process in compassion-based therapy.
 

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Introduction: Job involvement affects nurses' professional attitude and behavior and increases their productivity. Since spiritual intelligence and cultural intelligence are conducive to one's behavior, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between spiritual and cultural intelligence and job involvement in nurses working in Birjand teaching hospitals.
Methods: In this descriptive correlational study, 200 nurses working in Birjand teaching hospitals were selected by convenience sampling method. Data were collected using Kanungo's Job Involvement Questionnaire, King's Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire, and the standardized and localized Cultural Intelligence Questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS 22 software.
Results: The results showed a positive, weak, and significant correlation between spiritual intelligence ( r = 0.16, p = 0.02) and cultural intelligence ( r = 0.20, p = 0.004). Moreover, there was a positive, weak, and significant correlation between job involvement and spiritual intelligence in its personal meaning production dimension (r = 0.17, p = 0.01) and cultural intelligence in its motivational ( r = 0.24, p = 0.001) and cognitive (r = 0.24 , p = 0.001) dimensions. However, job involvement was not associated significantly with the dimensions of critical existential thinking, transcendental awareness, and spiritual state development of spiritual intelligence, and strategic and knowledge dimensions of cultural intelligence (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: Given the results of the study and the relationship between occupational involvement and spiritual and cultural intelligence of nurses and considering the acquisitional nature of intellectual and cultural intelligence in nurses, it is suggested that organizational managers identify and eliminate the barriers to spiritual and cultural intelligence acquisition and pave the ground for the growth of these parameters. They can enhance staff capabilities and take steps to enhance their job engagement and performance by providing relevant educational classes in this regard and by training practical ways to enhance spiritual intelligence and cultural intelligence.