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Introduction: Information literacy and critical thinking are very important for medical students because of the importance of lifelong learning and being up-to-date. This study aimed to determine information literacy and critical thinking in students of School of Nursing, Midwifery, and Paramedicine College of Guilan University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: This analytic cross-sectional was conducted on 165 undergraduate students including: Radio-technology, Nursing, Medical laboratory, Midwifery, Anesthesiology and Operation Technology with Random sampling of comparative classification were studying in School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine College affiliated in GUMS during 2016-7. Data was gathered by using a demographic, standard questionnaire to assess information literacy based on Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL) and the California Critical Thinking Inventory (CCTST-B). Data analyzed by using sample T-Test, ANOVA and Pearson Tests and SPSS software ver.16 and P- value was considered lower than 0.05.
Results: Overall mean score of critical thinking and information literacy were calculated 22.78±9.5 and 24.53±7.054, respectively. The score of operating Technologists and Midwifery were more than others, Respectively. Total score of information literacy and the various disciplines involved were a significant relationship (P=0.001). Although the relationship between the overall mean of information literacy and critical thinking was not found (P=0.093), but effective and efficient access, the ability to critically evaluative information and resources and integrated knowledge base and value system and the ability to understand, access and use based on ethical and legal principles as information literacy areas had a significant relationship with the areas of critical thinking (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Information literacy and critical thinking estimated low in the sub-units. According to the importance of two issues of critical thinking and information literacy in academic developing and professional achievements, experts and policy makers related to education should emphasize on its teaching more.
 

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Introduction: Effective Nurse Communication with Elderly Patient is an important factor for satisfaction, optimal treatment outcomes. Barriers to communication can delay the improvement. Understanding these barriers and proper planning to address these barriers can improve the nurse-patient relationship and quality of nursing services. The purpose of this study was to determine the barriers to effective communication with the elderly patient from the nurses' point of view at Gilan University of Medical Sciences Hospitals in 2018.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in 2018 in medical educational centers of Gilan province. 250 nurses who met the inclusion criteria were selected by random sampling. Data collection tool was a 30-question questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using spssv.19 software using inferential statistics including Kolmogorov–Smirnov test to determine normal distribution of data, and nonparametric the Mann–Whitney U test, Spearman correlation was used for significance distribution of samples with significance level p <0.05.
Results: The highest barrier for nurse-patient communication was reported in the area of occupational characteristics of nurses with a mean score  93/3±95/38. Environmental factors(38/78±3/88), socioeconomic factors(32/40±4/12), and clinical conditions(15/60±2/60) were the communication barriers that nurses emphasized, respectively.
There was also a significant relationship between the mean score of nurse-patient communication barriers of the elderly with age(r=0/007) and clinical conditions with age (r=- 0/003) variables as well as individual-social domains and clinical conditions with sex(p=0/003) and marital status (p=0/041).
Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, nurses were more focused on occupational problems and less important on other factors as barriers to communication with elderly patients. Therefore, barriers to the environment and working conditions of nurses should be addressed as soon as possible by the nursing authorities and necessary steps be taken to eliminate them.
 

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Introduction: Health literacy is the capacity of each individual to obtain, interpret and understand the basic information of health services that is necessary for appropriate decision making in this area. Based on this, the researchers decided to conduct a study to investigate the relationship between health literacy and the quality of life of the elderly living in nursing homes in Guilan province in 2020.
Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional-analytical study. The statistical population included all the elderly living in nursing homes in Guilan province in 2020. The statistical sample consisted of 89 people from the mentioned statistical population who were selected through Cochran's formula and stratified-random sampling method. Data collection tools included the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HELIA) and the Quality of Life Questionnaire (SF-12). Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20 and Pearson correlation coefficient, ANOVA, and t-test of two independent samples.
Results: The average health literacy of the elderly is 78.97 with a standard deviation of 5.249%. The average quality of life of the elderly is 37.40 with a standard deviation of 6.645%. The result of the Pearson correlation coefficient test showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the overall score of health literacy level and the overall score of quality of life of the elderly living in nursing homes in Guilan province in 2020. Also, the relationship between health literacy and general comprehension score, physical performance score, physical health score, physical pain score, emotional problems score, social performance score, vitality and vitality score, and mental health score in the elderly living in nursing homes in Guilan province in 2020, There is a positive and meaningful. The results of the analysis of variance showed that there is no significant relationship between health literacy level and quality of life level with age and level of education. The results of the t-test of two independent samples showed that there is no significant difference between health literacy and quality of life of male and female elderly.
 
Conclusion: By planning and designing useful educational programs in the field of health literacy appropriate for the elderly, and effective step can be taken to develop health literacy skills in society and improve the quality of life of the elderly